Hydraulic valve.



No. '793,308 PATEN'IBD JUNE 27, 1905. C. E. LEWIS, J. DICK & L. H.BOWIVIAN.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.14, 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

u uffi/ff( ji. \\\\\\\\\i No. 793,308. PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

0. E. LEWIS, J. DICK L L. H. BOWMAN.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLIGATIUN FILED Nov. 14,

Z SHEETS-*SHEET 2.

iUNTTED STATES Patented June 27, 1905.

ATENT OEETCE..

Oi'IARLlCS lil. LFVIS AND JOHN DION, OF Bli.'\l)l)O(fl{, ANI) LEE H.BO\\'.\IAN, OF MUNHALL, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,308, dated June 27,1905.

Application filed November 14,1903. Serial No. 181,228.

Be it known that we, Grammes E. Lnwis and JouN Dick, residing' atBraddock, and Lan l'i. Bowaniv, residing at Munhall, in the county ofAlleghenwY and State of Pennsylvania, citizens of the United States ofAmerica, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in HydraulicValves, of which the following' is a speciiication, reference being' hadtherein to the accompanying' drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inhydraulic valves, and has for its object to construct aperfectly-balanced hydraulic valve and to provide means Yfor opening'and closing' the exhaust -port throug'h the medium of the same leverused for the opening' and closing of the valve controlling' thepressure-inlet.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a four-way valvein which a sing'le lever is employed for opening' and closing' theinlet-ports and exhaust-ports.

The present invention is an improvement on the device shown, claimed,and described in the application tiled October 13, 1902, Serial No.127,125, by O. E. Lewis and .lohn Dick, and which has matured in PatentNo. 719,136, issued January 5, 1901, and in the present applicationthere is involved the same improvements in connection with thevalveseats and valve as is shown in the prior application above noted.

1n describing' the invention in detail reference is had to theaccompanying' drawings, forming a part of this application, and whereinlike characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalviews, in which-- Fig'ure 1 is an end elevation of a four-way hydraulicvalve constructed in accordance with our invention, showing' theoperating-lever in full lines in the closed position of the valves andin dotted lines showing' its two positions for opening' the two sets ofvalves. Fig'. 2 is a central vertical sectional view of a 'four-wayvalve constructed in accordance with our invention, showing' all of thevalves closed. Fig'. is an end elevation of the two-wa)Y valvecoi'istructed in accordance with our invention, showing' the twopositions of the operating'- lever in dotted lines. Fig'. 4 is a centrallongitudinal sectional view of a two-way valve constructed in accordancewith our invention, showing' the valves closed. Fig'. 5 is a detachedplan view of one of thel connecting' arms or cranks between thevalve-stem and the operating-lever. Fig'. 6 is a detail enlarged sideelevation, partly in section, of the valve-stems, bearing-rollers,supporting-post, and operating-lever.

In this application the improvements over the prior invention resideparticularliY in the actuating' means of the valves, and to thisVfeature the detail description will be more closely conh'ned, as in theprior device referred to, where, using' a finir-way valve, we provide avalve-body 1 made in suitable shape and provided with a pressure-inlet2, with which the pressure-line is connected. This pressure-inlet 2communicates, through port or passage-way -1, with the pressure-outlet5, leading to the machine or device (not shown) to be operated. In thefour-way valve such as herein shown the valve-body is provided with'four valvechambers 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively. Of thesevalve-chambers the chambers 6 and 8 are inletchambers, while thechambers 9 and 7 are exhaust-chambers, coacting', respectively, with thechambers 8 6, The exhaust-chamber 7 communicates with the exhaust-port10, and has an inlet-port 11 connected by a by-pass 12 with the port 14,that communicates with chamber 8, the latter chamber having' aninlet-port 15 connected b v a by-pass or port 16 with the inlet ofpressure-line 3. Port 14 is connected with the opposite end of thecylinder to that to which port?) is connected. The b v-[mss or port 16is generally piped or tapped into or connected to the pressure-line 3and extended around the side of the valve-body to connect with theinlet-port15. The valvechamber .1 has an exhaust-port 1T, and a bypassor port 18 connects chamber 9 with the port or passage-av -1 near thepressure-ontlet In each ot' the valve-chambers 6 7 8 S) is a valve-seat19, which is in the Vform of a sleeve, the lower end of the sameabutting' ag'ainst the shoulder 20, formed therefor in the valve-body.This sleeve is simply driven into the valve-body, and the upper endthereof forms a seat for the respective valves 21, 22, 23, and 24. iVhenit is necessary to regrind the valve-seat, it may be easily accomplishedby simply removing the valve and 1nserting a tool through thevalve-chamber lnto engagement with the upper end of the sleeve. Each ofthe valves comprises a stem, the one end of which forms a valve proper.The stems are threaded into the work through an interiorly-threaded nut25, threaded into the socket provided therefor in the valve-body or intothe threaded collar or bushing 27, that is in turn threaded into thesocket in the valvebody. The latter is the preferred form ofconstruction, as in event of wear it is only necessary to remove thebushing or sleeve 27 without requiring a new nut 25. These nuts 25 areprovided with wrench-receiving portions in order that they may be easilymanipulated. In the four-way valve the threads on the stems of eachvalve21 23 are of less pitch than the threads on stems of valves 22 24,the respective nuts 25 being correspondingly threaded. This is done'sothat when the lever-controlling valve is operated the valve 22 or valve24, as the case may be, will move faster than valve 21 and valve 23,whereby in the opening of the valves valves 22 24 will open more rapidlythan valves 21 23 and in the closing of the same will close more rapidlythan said valves 21 23. The object of having the exhaust-valves travelthe 'faster is to provide space more rapidly for the exhaust, and by thepressure-valve stems traveling slower the pressure inlet or inlets willbe checked to a greater extent than the exhaust. On each of thevalve-stems is a packing 28 of the particular form of construction whichis shown and described in detail in the prior application hereinreferred to and which is hence not shown in detail herein.

Suitably supported from the valve-body, as by a post 29, is anoperating-lever 30, which controls each of the four valves in thefourway-valve construction. To accomplish this, the said lever 30 ispivotally mounted on said post 29 intermediate thc ends of the former,and above the post the said lever carries on its inner face a pin 31,which engages in the notch or slot 32, provided in the crank 33 near thefree end thereof. This crank 33 is connected to the end of stem of valve22 and carries a pin 34, which engages in slot 35, provided in the crank36, that is connected to the end of stem of valve 21. The notch or slot32 made in crank 33 curves downwardly tover 30. During this movement oflever 30 pin 34, engaging in slot 35 in crank 36, carries the lattercrank therewith, whereby to close valve 21 or to open the same,according to the direction in which the lever 30 is being moved.Connected to the end of the stem of valve 23 is a crank 37, exactlysimilar in construction to crank 33, and connected to the end of stem ofvalve 24 is a crank 33, eX- actly similar in construction to crank 36.The lever 30 carries near its lower end a pin 39 to engage in theslotted portion of crank 37, and this latter crank 37 carries a pin 34to engage in the slot in crank 33.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the Valves are all in the closed position,and assuming it is desired to operate valves 21 22 the lever 30 is movedto position A. (Shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.) As the lever 30 ismoved in this direction pin 31 carries crank 33 therewith and pin 34carries crank 36 therewith, turning the stems of the valves, so as toopen the valves. The threads on stem of valve 22 being of greater pitchthan the threads on stem of valve 21, it is to be noted that crank 33needs to be moved only to substantially a right angle to the valve-bodyin order to open valve 22, while the crank 36 will at the same timetravel to position substantially at an obtuse angle to the valve-body.As the lever 30 is moved in the reverse direction the pin 31, engagingon shoulder 33', carries crank 33 to the vertical position and pin 34carries crank 36 also to the vertical position to close the valves, andwhen the valves are brought to this closed position the slot 32 and pin31 are in such relation to each other that a further movement of thelever 30 toward thc left will permit pin to ride out of slot 32, leavingthe valves closed. This movementof the lever 30 toward the left ortoward dotted-line position B moves a portion of the lever below thepivoted point toward the right and operating valves 23 24 in the samemanner as above described for valves 21 22. The return of the lever tothe full-line position as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 leaves all of the valvesin the closed position.

In Figs. 3 and 4 we show the same principle applied to a two-way valve,in which 1 indicates the valve 4body or casing; 2, the pressure-inletport; 3, the port leading to the cylinder of the device to be operated.(Not shown.) The pressure-line (not shown) connects with the inlet 2,the latter communicating with valve-chamber 4, which chamber is incommunication with port 3l through port or passage-way 5. Theexhaust-chamber 6 communicates with the exhaust-port 7' and also withport or passage-way 5 through port or by-pass 8. The valve-seat 19 andvalves 2l 22, together with their stems, are of the same form ofconstruction as heretofore described. In this two-way valve the threadson valve 22 are or may be of the same pitch lOO IIO

ISO

'as those on valve Qi, and since but two valves are to becontrolled---namely, the inlet-controlling valve and theexhaustcontrolling valve ---we dispense with cranks 36 38 and employonly the cranks 33 3T, which are ot the same t'orm otl construction asthose shown and described in detail in connection with the Vtour-wayvalve. The movement otl lever 30 toward dotted-line position A opens theinlet-valve, while the movement ot' the said lever in the oppositedirection to dotted-line potion B closes the inlet-valve and opens theexhaust-valve. VIt is to be noted that in the twoway valve the threadson stems ot valves 2l Qilareoppositely or revcrsely inclined, wherebythe movement ot' the lever 30 toward position A opens the inlet-valvewithout opening the exhaust-valve andthe movement otl the lever 3l) tromits position A to position B closes the inlet-valve and opens theexhaust-- valve. The movement ot the lever from its vertical position toposition B, assuming both valves to be closed, opens the exhaust-valvewithout actuating the inlet-valve. ln the tour-way-valve construction,however, the threads on stems or valves 2i 22 are inclined in the samedirection, the threads on stem of valve 22 having a `greater degree otpitch than the threads on stem ot valve Q i, and the threads on stems otvalves 23 Q-L are inclined in the same direction with respect to eachother, but at a reverse inclination to the threads on stems ot valves 2122, and when the operating-lever 30 is moved trom the closed position toposition A valves 2i are both opened, it being understood, ot' course,that the inlet leads to one end ot' the cylinder (not shown) and theoutlet or exhaust to the opposite end ot` said cylinder. 'lfhe operationis of course the same with respect to valves Q3 24. when the lever ismoved trom the closed position to position B.

it is to be observed that the pitch ot' the threads on valves QL 02could be the same, as could the pitch ot' threads on talve 23 24,provided the leverage connection with the valves is so as to give agreat-er throw ot' the exhaustvalve than is imparted to the inlet-valveswith the movement ot' the operating-lever.

We preferably employ ease-hardened rollers B1 on the pins 31, 34g, andSi) to decrease the l'riction and give longevity to the parts.

As shown in Figs. B, i, and (i ot' the drawings, we may employbearing-rollers t'or the inner ends ot the cranks 83 3T, To this endrollers 2W 30' are mounted on the post Qt) and are engaged by the innerends otl cranks 33 23T, respectively, the cranks being cut away on oneside adjacent the inner end, (see Figs. 4, 5, and 6,) so that crank 33will only bear ou roller 30 and crank oT will only bear on roller 29',the said cranks being ot course rounded at their inner ends where theybear on the rollers. ing-rollers tor the inner ends ot the cranks is'lhis provision ot the bear` shown in connection with the two-way valve;but it will ot course be evident that we may employsame with the form olvalve shown in Figs. i and 2.

In the practice ot' the invention it will be noted that various changesmay be made in the details ot` construction without departing trom thegeneral spirit otl our invention.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, isn

1. ln a hydraulic valve the combination with a valve-body having aninlet-port, a valve with a threaded stem controlling said inlet-port, anexhaust-port, a valve with a threaded stem controlling the exhaust-portand a crank secured to each stem, ot a pivoted lever adapted when movedto one side, to move the crank on one stem and turn one ot the valves,and when moved to the other side to move the crank on the other o'tlsaid stems and turn the other ot` said valves.

2. In a hydraulic valve, a valve-body formed with inlet and exhaustports, valve-chambers communicating with said ports, valves arranged insaid chambers, cranks connected to said valves, said cranks havingltheir outer ends notched, a lever pivoted intermediate ot' said cranks,and pins adapted to alternately engage in the notches ot the cranksaccordingly as said lever is moved to one side or the other of a lixedpoint.

3. ln a valve the combination ot` a valve-body having' an inlet-port andan exhaust-port, a valve-chamber in communication with the inlet-port, avalve-chamber in communication with the exhaust-port and a passageleading from each chamber to a common port, with a rotatable valvearranged in each chamber, a pivoted lever adapted to be moved inopposite directions relatively to a lxed point and means At'orpositively connecting said lever with one otl said valves throughout itsentire movement to one side ot said point and for releasing it trom itsconnection with said valve and positively connecting it with the othervalve when said lever is moved to the other side of said lixed point.

i. In a hydraulic valve the combination with a valve-body having a setot' tour chambers, inlet-ports leading` to two otl said chambers andexhaust-ports leading to the other ot said chambers, a valve in eachchamber a crank on each valve, and a pivoted lever, ot' means wherebywhen said lever is reciprocated on one side ot a lixed point it willconnect with and positively move in looth directions two otl said valvesand when reciprocated on the other side ot said point it will connectwith and positively move in both directions the other two et saidvalves.

ln a hydraulic valve, a valve-body having an inlet-port, a valve-chamberin communication with the inlet-port, an exhaust-port, a valve-chamberin communication with the exlOO IIO

haast-port, a third port in communication with valve and the other ofwhich is adapted, on the movement of the lever in the reverse directionto engage in the slot in the crank of the other I5 valve, and rollers onsaid pins.

In testimony whereof We aix our signatures in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES E. LEN/VIS. JOHN DICK. Y LEE H. BOVMAN. /Vitnesses:

A. M. WILSON, Y E. E. POTTER.

